Silent lupus nephritis
نویسندگان
چکیده
RESUMEN La nefropatía lúpica (NL) incrementa la morbilidad y mortalidad asociada al lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) pero el compromiso renal se expresa clínicamente, sólo en unas dos terceras partes de los pacientes. Un alto porcentaje de pacientes con LES pueden tener alteraciones morfológicas renales sin manifestaciones clínicas. Esta condición ha sido llamada nefropatía lúpica silente (NLS) y sólo puede ser confirmada por biopsia renal. Recientemente, nosotros detallamos las características inmunoclínicas y patológicas de la NLS en 41 de 42 pacientes con LES sin manifestaciones clínicas renales. La información colectada en este estudio y la obtenida de la búsqueda bibliográfica realizada, conforman la base de este artículo de revisión en el que se analizan las características patogénicas, inmunoclínicas, histopatológicas, de evolución y de pronóstico de esta patología. Independientemente de las controversias relativas al diagnóstico, pronóstico y tratamiento de la NLS, nosotros creemos que se requiere de un diagnóstico histológico preciso para el seguimiento y tratamiento adecuado de la lesión glomerular en NL, incluyendo aquellos pacientes con NLS. Se requieren además estudios prospectivos para la búsqueda de marcadores confiables inmunopatológicos con el fin de precisar no sólo los patrones posibles de progresión de la NLS sino su respuesta a protocolos terapéuticos razonables.
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